Materials necessary to make candles artisan

CLASS 2
Materials necessary to make candles artisan
The first step is to know the materials

Whereupon we make candles today
Fundamental materials

Paraffin: it is a hydrocarbon derived from petroleum, is the main component of a candle and the fuel that when being fused maintains it ignited. He is advisable to use paraffin acquired in specialized commerce, comes in blocks of white color with certain transparency, to greater trasparencia better quality, is sold by weight and she been very economic,

Gel paraffin: it is a paraffin mixture with other elements that cause that the same one has crystalline appearance, their duration is far beyond the common paraffin, but the candles made with gel paraffin cannot be stripped, is always made them in glass containers not very fine because but the heat does not resist.

Liquid paraffin: pair is used to make oil lamps, never will lose its liquid consistency,

so single it serves for this intention.

Autoportante gel: it is not gel nor paraffin, is a different compound that it can be stripped, his appearance is equal to the one of the gel, but it has the sufficient rigidity as to support his own weight without becoming deformed itself if certain proportions stay of which we will take care opportunely.

Additives

Stearine: it is the additive of more habitual use, it is commercialized in form of grudges of white color and founds approximately to 70º, he is advisable to place it first in the container in which one is going away to melt paraffin in a proportion of 10%, and on her the pieces of this last one.
Its main function is to contract paraffin helping in the stripped one, also avoids blasting an exaggerated one if pabilo has calculated well.

Additive for brightness and hardness: it is a dust similar to the talc, confers greater brightness and hardness to the candles doing them more beautiful and prolonging its duration, is used from a 3% to a 5%, and also he is advisable to place it underneath the pieces deparafina to dissolve it with greater facility.

Durability: this additive has the appearance and the color of the fine salt, its function is to prolong the duration of the candles, is used a 1%, not more, since in excess it avoids that the paraffin is based and feeds the flame.
One dissolves in little amount of paraffin that is to 90º and soon it is added to the total to use.

Wax carnauba: this additive prolongs the durability of the candles, but it has like disadvantage that transmits its color to them, is commercialized in grudges of yellow color, a sopera spoon by kilo of paraffin is sufficient to make his objective.

Pabilos

It is called thus to the wicks, we can elaborate them we with special threads of several ends and very good quality, but there are them in the market of varied already ready dimensions to use, and have like advantage that is wicks treated specially to prolong the duration of the cotton thread with which they are elaborated and soon covered with a paraffin layer, we take into account the three more habitual measures.

Fine: he is recommendable for candles of up to 4 cm of diameter and little height and specially for candles at night.

Medium: it is used for candles of 4 cm to 8 cm of diameter.

Thickness: for candles of 8 cm to 12 cm of diameter.

Pabilo for gel candles exists in the special market, that expand the heat with greater facility, since the gel needs greater direct temperature to be fused and to feed the flame.

Also they can be obtained pabilos reinforced with ready metallic and pabilos threads to use of different dimensions and with ojalillo corresponding already placed.

Also special pabilos for the candles can be obtained I am transparent autoportantes and for the oil lamps.

Accessories

Here it is where the list begins to extend itself remarkably, but we are going to be centered in most common and necessary for candles in general and soon we will be adding those that are specific for certain models.

eyelets: they are used to avoid that the candle in its final part is extinguished before consuming all paraffin, since they maintain pabilo in its place although the paraffin this totally dissolved and grant one more a more tedious completion.

Colorantes: there are several types of colorantes that are usable in candles:
The color wheels: they come in red, yellow, blue, black and white, in the cases of the target and the black they are the colorantes with which more suitable results are obtained.
In dust: they come in several special colors for candles, the quality differs according to the origin from such, if they are not specific can lose the candle his color with the passage of time.
Anilines to the fat: they are possible to be used, but having well-taken care of since they also stain and it must consider that those that says the color with the explanation, IN STONE can modify their color when the paraffin is hot and when the candle is ignited and the modification can confuse much, for example to say BLUE IN STONE and when mixing with paraffin to obtain color peach tree or clear orange that it becomes blue when cooling off, process that is made to inverse when igniting the candle.

Aromas: special fragrances for candles are due to always use since they are those that are going to mix themselves well with paraffin, are not going away to separate of her neither to produce disagreeable chisporroteo nor scents since specially they are prepared.

Desmoldantes: the special ones for candles are the indicated ones, the other oils cause spots and disfigure the completion of the same ones and in some cases they transmit its aroma to him, that usually is not appropriate, also is possible to be used silicones in aerosol that give excellent results, but it is due to consider that the candle made in a mold that has been siliconado is not going to be able to bathe again in paraffin, but we will clarify it in the case that is necessary.

Molds: there is infinity of formats and different materials, zinc, stainless steel, different plastics, acrylic and in addition can be made or be ordered molds of rubber, rubber or silicones.
The ideal is to always use a mold that is I specify for candles since not everything what we find by hand soon is going to give the waited for result us, some did not support the heat and others will not allow us to strip without breaking them.
These planchuelas with perforations are those that maintain centered the rod guide pabilo.

These are the rods that left the hollow by where soon we will thread pabilo.

Advice and precautions to facilitate the task

To always dissolve to the paraffin and the stearine to bath Maria, if we exceeded 140° can ignite spontaneously.

To use a thermometer that is acquired in the commerce specialized in these materials.

To consider that is recommendable if we are going to use stearine to place it the stearine underneath, since she needs greater heat to begin to be fused. When being totally fused both to turn around without shaking to integrate perfectly.

To respect the instructions for the use of additives, will have the security of its integration and total dissolution when the mixture again has color translúcido when dissolved being totally.

In order to calculate the amount of total paraffin, to fill the mold with water and to spill it in a measuring jar, by each 100 cm3 of water 90 are needed g solid paraffin, in almost all the cases is preferable to begin with an excess since he is complicated to calculate that exact amount will take of each color if the project takes several.

To place desmoldante in the molds to use, considering that does not have to be excessive the amount since it produces marks blanquecinas in the candle or small pocitos that disfigure their final appearance, the correct thing is to notice the mold lubricated to the tact, but not to see the desmoldante.

The aroma always we must place it after having dissolved, colored paraffin and the stearine and to the suitable temperature, if we must return to warm up is necessary it to add a little more aroma because these are expanded with the heat, reason why we would lose part of the placed thing.

In order to maintain by greater time the temperature to leave the container that contains paraffin within the bath Maria, but outside the fire while we are not using it.

To remember whenever with very little amount of colorante we will manage to color paraffin, to know as it will be left the color to overturn a little with a spoon in a white plate and to hope that it solidifies totally, the final result will be a color a little darker than the one than we see.

In order to make candles of finished normal paraffin it must be to 75º, if what we wished it is a rustic candle the temperature must be of 65º.

The gel paraffin and the compound for candles I am transparent dissolve on a diffuser, not to bath Maria.

The used gel paraffin when it begins to lower of temperature and it has a thicker consistency something will form bubbles in the candle, greater amount at the most fries is.

Finally to consider which these are general considerations, to always trust the instructions of the supplier that specialize in these materials, he knows with depth the particularitities the product that this offering to us.

Tasks
1. Kindly read the description of the materials that you will be needing throughout the course.
2. Print and always by hand ten the Councils on the use of these materials. You will need them when you begin to work with them in the next class.

Next
Lesson 3: Initial candle with color and aroma

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